Bulgarian epigraphic monuments

Bulgarian epigraphic monuments (Chuvash: ă ăĕ, Tatar) – tombstones with inscriptions (epitaphs) of the 13th–14th centuries on the territory of the former Bulgarian ulus of the Golden Horde. The identified gravestones can be divided into several categories. From a "civilizational" point of view, there are such: Muslim arabographic, of which there are currently about 400 pieces; Armenian ones with their own graphics, in the amount of 5 pieces and a few more obscure fragments; They also contain Arabic letters. Muslim tombstones, in turn, can be classified according to language: only with Arabic text; having, in addition to Arabic, a text in some Turkic language Depending on the type of Turkic language, the last group of monuments is divided as follows: tombstones in the Turkic language (r-language, this group is the largest); gravestones in Turkic z-language There is also a classification based on the appearance of monuments, in accordance with their artistic features – 1st style and 2nd style. Tombstones of the 1st style usually have text in z-language, and 2nd style – text in p-language. Therefore, it was initially believed that such a classification covers all the characteristics in a complex. However, there are exceptions to this correspondence.

Monument data from Wikidata (CC0). Summary from Wikipedia (CC BY-SA).